THE IMPACTS OF HF AND VHF RADIATION TOWARDS PRELIMINARY BREAKDOWN EVENTS IN LIGHTNING FLASHES
Keywords:
HF Radiation, VHF Radiation, Preliminary Breakdown Event, Lightning Flash
Abstract
Even though the mechanisms pertinent to the generation of
radiation in frequency range above 3 MHz (HF and VHF radiation) are not
well understood, it is thought that this radiation is caused by the electrical
breakdown of virgin air rather than by the high current pulses propagating in
pre-existing channels. The data presented in this paper also show that more
HF radiation (3 MHz) is generated during preliminary breakdown processes
taking place inside clouds (probably associated with breakdown of virgin air)
than during the subsequent return strokes that propagate along conducting
channels. Moreover, we also observe that VHF radiation (30 MHz) only from
Preliminary Breakdown (PB) events.
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1998.
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by lightning flashes,” Ph.D. thesis, Uppsala University, Sweden, 2017.
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Activity in Swedish Lightning”, Journal of Atmospheric and SolarTerrestrial Physics, vol. 70, no 8-9, pp. 1213-1221, 2008.
Positive Charge Region in Facilitating Different Types of Lightning”,
Journal of Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1-5, 2009.
[2] M.M. Ismail, M. Rahman, V. Cooray, S. Sharma, P. Hettiarachchi and
D. Johari, “Electric Field Signatures In Wideband , 3 MHz and 30 MHz
of Negative Ground Flashes Pertinent to Swedish Thunderstorm”,
Atmosphere, vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1904-1925, 2015.
[3] C.D. Weidman, E.P. Krider and M.A. Uman, “Lightning Amplitude
Spectra in The Interval 100khz to 20 Mhz”,Geophysical Research Letter,
vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 931-934, 1981.
[3] C.D. Weidman, E.P. Krider and M.A. Uman, “Lightning Amplitude
Spectra in The Interval 100khz to 20 Mhz”,Geophysical Research Letter,
vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 931-934, 1981.
[4] W.L. Taylor, “Evaluation Of An Electromagnetic Tornado-Detection
Technique”, in 8th Conference on Severe Local Storms, Denver,
Colorado, 1975, pp. 15-17.
[5] V. Cooray and S. Lundquist, “On the characteristics of some radiation
fields from lightning and their possible origin in positive ground
flashes”, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 87, no. C13, pp. 11203–
11214, 1982.
[6] A. Galvan and M. Fernando, “Operative characteristics of a parallel
plate antenna to measure vertical electric fields from lightning fields
from lightning flashes”, Uppsala University, UURIE 285-00, 2000.
[7] N. D. Clarence, and D.J. Malan, “Preliminary discharges processes in
Lightning flash to ground”, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological
Society, vol. 83, no. 836, pp. 161-172, 1957.
[8] N. Kitagawa and M. Brook, “A comparison of intracloud and cloud-toground lightning discharges” Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 65, no.
4, pp. 1189-1201, 1960.
[9] W. Beasley, M.A. Uman and P.L. Rustan, “Electric Fields Proceeding
Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Flashes”, Journal of Geophysical Research,
vol. 87, no. C7, pp. 4883-4902, 1982.
[10] V. Cooray and R. Jayaratne, “What Directs A Lightning Flash Towards
Ground”, Journal of Physic, vol. 1, pp. 1-10, 2000.
[11] C. Gomes and V. Cooray, “Radiation Field Pulses Associated with The
Initiation Of Positive Cloud- to-Ground Lightning Flashes”, Journal of
Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 1047-1055,
1998.
[12] J.S. Makela, N. Porjo, A. Makela, T. Tuomi, and V. Cooray, “Properties
of Preliminary Breakdown Process in Scandinavian Lightning”, Journal
of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, vol. 70, no. 16, pp. 2041-2052,
2008.
[13] A. Nag and V.A Rakov, “Electric Field Pulse Trains Occurring Prior to
The First Return Stroke in Negative-Cloud-to-Ground Lightning,” IEEE
Transaction of Electromagnetic Compability, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 147-150,
2009.
[14] d, M. Fernando, V. Cooray, and J.S.
reliminary Breakdown Pulse Trains
Florida, USA,” Journal of Atmosheric.
[15] vations Some Features of Lightning
rnal of Geophysical Research, vol. 99,
[16] aratne, “Comparison of preliminary
Sweden and Sri Lanka,”, Journal of
hysics, vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 975-979,
V Cooray and H. Perez, “Observations Some Features of Lightning
[16] C. Gomes, V. Cooray and C. Jayaratne, “Comparison of preliminary
breakdown pulses observed in Sweden and Sri Lanka,”, Journal of
Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 975-979,
1998.
[17] M.M. Ismail, “Features and origin of electromagnetic fields generated
by lightning flashes,” Ph.D. thesis, Uppsala University, Sweden, 2017.
[18] S. R. Sharma, V. Cooray and M. Fernando, “ Isolated Breakdown
Activity in Swedish Lightning”, Journal of Atmospheric and SolarTerrestrial Physics, vol. 70, no 8-9, pp. 1213-1221, 2008.
Published
2019-11-09
How to Cite
Ismail, M., Zakaria, Z., Razak, J. A., & Junid, R. (2019). THE IMPACTS OF HF AND VHF RADIATION TOWARDS PRELIMINARY BREAKDOWN EVENTS IN LIGHTNING FLASHES. Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (JAMT), 13(2(1), 119-129. Retrieved from https://jamt.utem.edu.my/jamt/article/view/5710
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